Abstract
Aggressive multimodality treatment of neoplastic disease has resulted in improved survival and even "cure" in many patients with some cancers. The most serious and life-threatening late complication of such aggressive anticancer treatment is the occurrence of acute leukemia several years after the "cure" of the original neoplasm. Such leukemia has been described in patients with Hodgkin's disease,<sup>1</sup>multiple myeloma,<sup>2</sup>non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,<sup>3</sup>chronic lymphocytic leukemia,<sup>4</sup>breast cancer,<sup>5</sup>other neoplasms,<sup>6</sup>and even nonneoplastic diseases.<sup>7</sup> Although many of these patients were treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, many patients received no radiotherapy at all. Drugs most frequently implicated in the causation of acute leukemia and other second neoplasms are the alkylating agents, procarbazine hydrochloride and the nitrosoureas.
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