Acute Lateral Sprained Ankle Syndrome

Abstract

Acute lateral sprained ankle syndrome is one of the most commonly occurring musculoskeletal injuries worldwide. Approximately 85% of ankle sprains result from inversion injury of the plantarflexed foot causing damage primarily to the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments. However, other concomitant injury may also occur, and this may contribute to development of chronic symptoms or reinjury. The anatomy and key components of the clinical evaluation are reviewed. Current concepts regarding functional treatment are presented. This program of therapy combines the use of external ankle support, early mobilization, and proprioceptive training. It provides the quickest recovery to full range of motion, and return to work and activity; all without compromise to joint stability. A closing perspective identifies the need for future research in clarifying, defining, and categorizing this common injury into standardized strata so that appropriate treatment may be applied or developed to optimize patient outcome and prevent reinjury.