Abstract
Critical care physicians have debated an appropriate term for the clinical phase preceding acute kidney injury (AKI). The recent development of cell cycle arrest biomarkers that signal the potential development of AKI is part of an evolution in the molecular diagnosis and understanding of AKI. It is proposed that the pre-injury phase that leads to AKI can be described as “acute kidney stress”. This term has the potential to expand horizons in regard to the early detection of situations that will lead to AKI and the early implementation of corrective measures.
Highlights
Critical care physicians have debated an appropriate term for the clinical phase preceding acute kidney injury (AKI)
“Renal angina” has been proposed [1]; it is recognized that AKI can result from non-ischemic mechanisms, and AKI is not associated with pain
The complexity of defining AKI or a “kidney attack” using standard measures of kidney function has been recognized by nephrologists from centers around the world [3]
Summary
Critical care physicians have debated an appropriate term for the clinical phase preceding acute kidney injury (AKI). * Correspondence: nevinkatz@aol.com 1Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 7107, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA 2Foundation for the Advancement of Cardiothoracic Surgical Care (FACTS-Care), 1912 Foxhall Road, McLean, VA 22101, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article this standard renal function test inappropriate for the early diagnosis of AKI. These biomarkers are released by kidney cells along a path which may lead to AKI during a pre-injury phase.
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