Acute kidney injury leading to the diagnosis of sporadic testicular Burkitt's lymphoma: A case report.

Abstract

Burkitt's lymphoma of the testis (TBL) is a rare and extremely aggressive malignant usually diagnosed in front of a testicular mass. We report an exceptional case of a TBL revealed by an Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) of functional origin in a Tunisian man. A 53-year-old patient, known to smoke and drug addict, presented uncontrollable vomiting responsible for extracellular dehydration. Biology showed AKI and radiological explorations revealed compression of the stomach and the right urinary tract by a retro-peritoneal mass continuing with the right testicle. The testicular biopsy with immunohistochemical study concluded with a testicular Burkitt's lymphoma. After correction of hydro-electrolyte disorders with normalization of serum creatinine, the patient was transferred to oncology for chemotherapy. Unfortunately, he refused treatment. The high aggressiveness of TBL would explain the significant, and surprising intra-abdominal tumoral extension with compression of the stomach leading to the functional AKI observed in the reported case. A testicular mass is a usual circumstance for the discovery of a primary tumor of the testicle. In the case of TBL, the rapid tumor growth associated with a diagnostic delay can lead to an impressive extra gonadal extension. • Burkitt’s lymphoma of the testis is extremely aggressive. • The rapid tumor growth of Burkitt’s lymphoma of the testis can be responsible for an important tumoral extension. • Diagnostic delay can lead to an impressive extra gonadal extension of Burkitt’s lymphoma of the testis.