Abstract
For older patients, hospitalization is a two-edged sword. While hospitalization avails older patients of the expertise of consultants and the diagnostic and therapeutic innovations of high technology, it exposes them to the adverse risks of hospitalization—iatrogenic illness, functional decline (a loss of independence in activities of daily living), and possible institutionalization. By recognizing the patient at risk for functional decline and optimizing the process of patient care, physicians gain the opportunity to minimize the adverse effects of hospitalization and improve functional outcomes. An assessment of risk factors for functional and psychosocial impairments will suggest therapeutic interventions directed at maintaining or restoring the independent functioning of older people and enhancing their chances of returning home.
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