Acute hormonal response to glucose, lipids and arginine infusion in overweight cats.

Lucile J M Martin,Vincent Biourge,Patrick Nguyen,Henri J W Dumon,Caroline Daumas,Philippe Bleis,Thomas A Lutz

doi:10.1017/jns.2014.4

Lucile J M Martin, Vincent Biourge + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2014.4

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Abstract

In cats, the incidence of obesity and diabetes is increasing, and little is known about specific aspects of the endocrine control of food intake in this species. Recent data suggest that ghrelin has an important role in the control of insulin secretion and vice versa, but this role has never been demonstrated in cats. Here we aimed to improve our understanding about the relationship between insulin, amylin and ghrelin secretion in response to a nutrient load in overweight cats. After a 16h fast, weekly, six overweight male cats underwent randomly one of the four testing sessions: saline, glucose, arginine and TAG. All solutions were isoenergetic and isovolumic, and were injected intravenously as a bolus. Glucose, insulin, acylated ghrelin (AG), amylin and prolactin were assayed in plasma before and 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100min after the nutrient load. A linear mixed-effects model was used to assess the effect of bolus and time on the parameters. A parenteral bolus of glucose or arginine increased insulin and ghrelin concentrations in cats. Except for with the TAG bolus, no suppression of ghrelin was observed. The absence of AG suppression after the intravenous load of arginine and glucose may suggest: (1) that some nutrients do not promote satiation in overweight cats; or that (2) AG may be involved in non-homeostatic consumption mechanisms. However, the role of ghrelin in food reward remains to be assessed in cats.

Highlights

In cats, the incidence of obesity and diabetes is increasing, and little is known about specific aspects of the endocrine control of food intake in this species
Mean baseline concentrations of insulin, amylin, PRL and ghrelin did not differ between cats
Post-test PRL concentrations were affected by the type of nutrient (P = 0·002) but not by body fat mass (BFM) or time

Summary

Introduction

The incidence of obesity and diabetes is increasing, and little is known about specific aspects of the endocrine control of food intake in this species. A parenteral bolus of glucose or arginine increased insulin and ghrelin concentrations in cats. The absence of AG suppression after the intravenous load of arginine and glucose may suggest: [1] that some nutrients do not promote satiation in overweight cats; or that [2] AG may be involved in non-homeostatic consumption mechanisms. The typical diet of pet cats has changed from a carnivorous to an omnivorous regimen since many cats are fed with very palatable highenergy-dense commercial dry foods. All of these modifications have been recognised to increase food intake and decrease energy expenditure, which may eventually lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus[1]. Insulin is considered to be an adiposity signal because it is secreted in proportion to body fat mass (BFM) and influences food intake and body weight (BW)(10)

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