Abstract
A single high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal (HFHC) results in elevated postprandial glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TAG) and metabolic load index (MLI; TAG (mg/dl) + GLU (mg/dl)) that contributes to chronic disease risk. While disease risk is higher in older adults (OA) compared to younger adults (YA), the acute effects of exercise on these outcomes in OA is understudied. Twelve YA (age 23.3 ± 3.9 yrs, n = 5 M/7 F) and 12 OA (age 67·7 ± 6.0 yrs, n = 8 M/4 F) visited the laboratory in random order to complete a HFHC with no exercise (NE) or acute exercise (EX) condition. EX was performed 12 hours prior to HFHC at an intensity of 65 % of maximal heart rate to expend 75 % of the kcals consumed in HFHC (Marie Callender's Chocolate Satin Pie; 12 kcal/kgbw; 57 % fat, 37 % CHO). Blood samples were taken at 0, 30, 60, 90 minutes, and then every hour until 6 hours post-meal. TAG levels increased to a larger magnitude in OA (Δ∼61 ± 31 %) compared to YA (Δ∼37 ± 34 %, P < 0·001), which were attenuated in EX compared to NE (P < 0·05) independent of age. There was no difference in GLU between OA and YA after the HFM, however, EX had attenuated GLU independent of age (NE: Δ∼21 ± 26 %; EX: Δ∼12 ± 18 %, P = 0·027). MLI was significantly lower after EX compared to NE in OA and YA (P < 0·001). Pre-prandial EX reduced TAG, GLU and MLI post-HFHC independent of age.
Highlights
Older adults (OA) have increased risk of developing life stylerelated diseases such as CVD and type 2 diabetes and hyperlipedaemia, with diagnosed CVD in over 70 % of individuals between the ages of 60 and 79 years[1]
Our hypothesis was three-fold: [1] postprandial lipaemia (PPL), PPG and metabolic load index’ (MLI) would be higher in OA compared with young adults (YA); [2] an acute bout of exercise would attenuate PPL, PPG and MLI in OA and YA and [3] there would be an interaction between age and acute exercise on PPL, PPG and MLI
There were no significant differences in body mass (P = 0·17), BMI (P = 0·72), body fat (P = 0·15) or android fat (P = 0·06) by age group; OA were taller compared with YA (P = 0·02, Table 1)
Summary
Older adults (OA) have increased risk of developing life stylerelated diseases such as CVD and type 2 diabetes and hyperlipedaemia, with diagnosed CVD in over 70 % of individuals between the ages of 60 and 79 years[1]. Exercise attenuates PPL and PPG following HFHC in some[5,6], but not all studies[7,8,9]. There are very few studies investigating the impact of exercise on postprandial responses in OA[9] This is clinically problematic since OA have been reported to have higher PPL and PPG with a HFHC meal compared with a younger group, even when physically active[14]. We sought to examine the PPL, PPG and MLI in young adults (YA) and OA following a Abbreviations: EX, exercise; GLU, glucose; HFHC, high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal; iAUC, incremental AUC; MLI, metabolic load index; NE, no exercise; OA, older adults; PPL, postprandial lipaemia; TC, total cholesterol; YA, younger adults. Our hypothesis was three-fold: [1] PPL, PPG and MLI would be higher in OA compared with YA; [2] an acute bout of exercise would attenuate PPL, PPG and MLI in OA and YA and [3] there would be an interaction between age and acute exercise on PPL, PPG and MLI
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