Acute epiglottitis: An uncommon cause of fatal upper airway obstruction in adults

Abstract

Acute epiglottitis is an uncommon cause of fatal upper airway obstruction in adults. We present a case of a 61-year-old who died from acute epiglottitis whom was initially thought to die from anaphylaxis by ambulance staff. On gross examination, the epiglottis and laryngeal mucosa was grossly oedematous and erythematous. Microscopy showed necrosis, oedema, and exuberant acute inflammation in the mucosal lining confirming acute epiglottitis. Comparisons of clinical and pathological features with other reported cases and case series of adult acute epiglottitis are presented. Similarities and differences with two other common upper airway pathologies that may mimic acute epiglottitis (anaphylaxis and intubation related injury) are also discussed.