Abstract
ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to characterize the endometritis induced in mares using color Doppler ultrasonography and traditional exams. Experiment 1. Mares (n=20) were submitted to intrauterine inoculation with Escherichia coli. Uterine evaluation was performed at M0 and M1. Experiment 2. Animals were divided into two groups: control group (n=10), and treated group (n=10) using phytotherapeutic solution. In both groups, the uterine evaluation was performed at time T1, T2, and T3. Experiment 3: Uterine evaluation was compared after antibiotic therapy, phytotherapy, and M0. For statistical analysis, the Tukey test, t Student, and Anova test were applied. Experiment 1. The mean values of vascularization at M1 were significantly higher than those obtained at M0 (P<0.05). Bacterial growth was observed in all samples collected. Experiment 2. The mean value of vascularization at time T1 in both groups was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to M2 and M3. Experiment 3. After antibiotic therapy, the vascularization of the body and uterine horns was not equivalent to the vascularization presented at M0. We can conclude that it was not possible to correlate results obtained by color Doppler ultrasonography with the traditional findings for the diagnosis of endometritis.
Highlights
Endometritis is a major cause of mare infertility
The objectives of this study were to characterize the endometritis induced in mares using color Doppler ultrasonography and traditional exams
We can conclude that it was not possible to correlate results obtained by color Doppler ultrasonography with the traditional findings for the diagnosis of endometritis
Summary
Endometritis is a major cause of mare infertility. The improvement in gestation rates in mares requires early detection through gynecological exam (transrectal palpation, ultrasound, and/or endometrial cytology), and opportune intervention to solve the persistent endometrial inflammation. Temporary post-breeding endometritis is a local inflammatory response necessary to remove the excess sperm and bacteria introduced into the uterus (Troedsson, 2006). Endometritis is eliminated in 36h to 48h, leaving the uterus free of inflammation (Leblanc, 2003). Endometritis can be divided into acute infection, chronic infection (endometriosis), and persistent post-breeding (Leblanc, 2010). Ultrasound, and laboratory signs of endometritis can vary widely. In order to obtain more details at the moment of endometritis diagnosis, the color Doppler ultrasound may be applied
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