Acute effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on linear and nonlinear heart rate variability measures in arterial hypertension

Fabrício Olinda De Souza Mesquita,Aparecida Maria Catai,Herculano Ribeiro Da Silva Neto,Sérgio Rodrigues Moreira,Pamela Beatriz Pereira Da Silva,Victor Ribeiro Neves,Dário Celestino Sobral Filho,Paulo Adriano Schwingel

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i7.12106

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension is a chronic disease worldwide. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been described as an effective alternative treatment. Objective: To evaluate the acute effects of one HIIT session versus one moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on linear and nonlinear heart rate variability (HRV) measures in hypertension patients. Methods: A preliminary cross-sectional study with 11 non-elderly (35 to 59 years) hypertensive patients using drug therapy from both sexes. They were assigned for cardiological evaluation, ergometric test, echocardiography, and cardiopulmonary exercise test. Patients performed cycling exercise in the conditions HIIT (10 bouts of 1-minute at 85% of the maximum power [Pmax] interspersed with 2 minutes at 50% of Pmax) and MICT (30 minutes at 50% of Pmax). R-R intervals (RRi) of HRV were recorded in the supine position for 10 minutes before and after the two exercise conditions. Results: HIIT and MICT presented a significant reduction (P<0.01) for the RRi between baseline (pre-session) and post-session. All other linear indices presented similar results (P>0.05) between moments. Significant differences (P<0.05) in the symbolic HRV analysis were identified only in the HIIT group for 0V, 2LV, and 2ULV indexes. 0V index increased 2.3-times from pre- to post-session while 2LV and 2ULV indexes reduced to near 50% and 35%, respectively. Conclusion: An increase in sympathetic modulation with a significant decrease in vagal modulation by nonlinear HRV measures was identified in patients with hypertension submitted to one HIIT session.

Highlights

Systemic arterial hypertension is a chronic disease worldwide
The present study aims to evaluate and compare the acute effect of one session of High-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on linear and nonlinear heart rate variability (HRV) measures in patients with hypertension
2.1 Experimental design, sampling methods, and procedures This is a preliminary cross-sectional study conducted in the Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano (LAPEDH) from the Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE) and in the Laborarório de Fisiologia do Exercício from Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF)

Summary

Introduction

Systemic arterial hypertension is a chronic disease worldwide. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been described as an effective alternative treatment. Physical training is an effective nonpharmacological method in reducing BP levels (Polegato & Paiva, 2018) In this context, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been described in the literature as an alternative method to conventional physical practice in various clinical conditions in patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (Abreu et al, 2019; Bourne et al, 2019; Cuddy et al, 2019; De Nardi et al, 2018). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been described in the literature as an alternative method to conventional physical practice in various clinical conditions in patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (Abreu et al, 2019; Bourne et al, 2019; Cuddy et al, 2019; De Nardi et al, 2018) This training consists of a period between 1 to 4 minutes of high intensity interspersed with active or passive recovery intervals (Paula et al, 2020; Souza et al, 2020)

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Results