Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of different formats (2-a-side, 3- a-side and 4-a-side) on heart rate responses of female students during small-sided and conditioned handball games. The heart rate responses were measured using heart rate monitors during physical education classes. Eight female students participated in the study (15 ± 0.0 years). The one-way ANOVA showed statistical differences with moderate effect between the three different formats (F(2, 1674) = 86.538; p-value ˂ 0.001; ඃ烟 ! = 0.094; Power = 1.0). The results showed that smaller formats (2-a-side and 3-a-side) increased the heart rate responses of female students during small-sided and conditioned handball games during physical education (PE) classes. The results also suggested that 2-a-side games can be used for anaerobic workouts and the 3-a-side and 4-a-side games can be better used to reach lactate-threshold and for aerobic workouts of high intensity.
Highlights
Small-sided games have been used in recent pedagogical methodologies to simultaneously develop the physiological, physical, technical, tactical and sociological contents in team sports games [1].Usually, small-sided games are based on task constraints that change some characteristics of a formal game but maintain the main characteristics [2]
By comparing the mean heart rate recorded in the three small-sided handball games, it is possible to observe significant statistical differences with moderate effect (F(2, 1674) = 86.538; p-value 0.001; η! =
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the number of female students per smallsided handball game on heart rate responses during Physical Education sessions
Summary
Small-sided games have been used in recent pedagogical methodologies to simultaneously develop the physiological, physical, technical, tactical and sociological contents in team sports games [1].Usually, small-sided games are based on task constraints that change some characteristics of a formal game but maintain the main characteristics [2]. Buchheit et al [8] suggested that the 4-a-side game is a valid alternative to intermittent running to develop the cardiorespiratory system. Following this idea Buchheit et al [9] examined the effects of two 10-week programs using small-sided games and a regular intermittent running program. Results showed that both programs statistically improved performance in the 10-metre sprint, repeated sprints and 30-15 intermittent fitness test (a specific fitness test to assess the ability to recover and to perform repeat intermittent activity). It was observed that both programs were effective in developing the players’ performance [9]
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