Abstract
Acute renal failure was studied in rabbits 3 days after a single iv injection of a CdCl 2-mercaptoethanol mixture (10 μmol Cd and 350 μmol mercaptoethanol/kg). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), p-aminohippurate clearance (C PAH), and extraction of p-aminohippurate (E PAH) were severely depressed by poisoning. The lower C PAH and E PAH in poisoned rabbits reflected, at least in part, a cytotoxic action of cadmium on cortical tissue. The filtration fraction, defined as GFR/renal plasma flow (calculated as C PAH E PAH ) also fell. Reabsorption of all amino acids measured was strongly inhibited during the stage of acute renal failure. The site of this inhibition was the luminal membrane of tubule cells, as deduced from the identity of mean artery-to-urine transit times of [ 3H]inulin and 14C-labeled amino acids. In contrast to these tubular dysfunctions, the maximum tubular ability to reabsorb filtered glucose was unaltered, when corrected for changes in GFR, indicating that the effects of cadmium were relatively specific.
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