Abstract
Here we describe the effects of a controlled, 30 min, high-intensity cycling test on blood rheology and the metabolic profiles of red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma from well-trained males. RBCs demonstrated decreased deformability and trended toward increased generation of microparticles after the test. Meanwhile, metabolomics and lipidomics highlighted oxidative stress and activation of membrane lipid remodeling mechanisms in order to cope with altered properties of circulation resulting from physical exertion during the cycling test. Of note, intermediates from coenzyme A (CoA) synthesis for conjugation to fatty acyl chains, in parallel with reversible conversion of carnitine and acylcarnitines, emerged as metabolites that significantly correlate with RBC deformability and the generation of microparticles during exercise. Taken together, we propose that RBC membrane remodeling and repair plays an active role in the physiologic response to exercise by altering RBC properties.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilMaintaining adequate blood flow and tissue perfusion is crucial during exercise because macronutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and metabolic waste products are all transported in the blood
Owing to increased muscle oxygen demand during exercise, exercise-induced physiological changes may increase the mechanical and shear stresses experienced by red blood cells (RBCs) in the bloodstream; such stress may modulate blood rheology and RBC properties, which could in turn impact on blood flow and tissue perfusion
In order to develop a better understanding of the metabolic milieu associated with changes in RBCs during exercise, this study aimed to examine the effects of high-intensity, prolonged exercise on concentrations of metabolites and lipid markers in the plasma and RBC compartments of blood in association with changes in RBC physiology
Summary
Introduction published maps and institutional affilMaintaining adequate blood flow and tissue perfusion is crucial during exercise because macronutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and metabolic waste products are all transported in the blood. Owing to increased muscle oxygen demand during exercise, exercise-induced physiological changes (e.g., increased heart rate) may increase the mechanical and shear stresses experienced by red blood cells (RBCs) in the bloodstream; such stress may modulate blood rheology and RBC properties, which could in turn impact on blood flow and tissue perfusion. Previous studies have shown that acute cycling exercise decreases RBC deformability [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. One cause of this change could be directly or indirectly related to lactate accumulation.
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