Acute coagulopathy in pediatric trauma.

Abstract

To summarize our current understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of acute traumatic coagulopathy in children. Traumatic coagulopathy is a complex process that leads to global dysfunction of the endogenous coagulation system and results in worse outcomes and increased mortality. Although the cause is multifactorial, it is common in severely injured patients and is driven by significant tissue injury and hypoperfusion. Viscoelastic coagulation tests have been established as a rapid and reliable method to assess traumatic coagulopathy. Additionally, massive transfusion protocols have improved outcomes in adults, but limited studies in pediatrics have not shown any difference in mortality. Prospective studies are needed to determine how to best diagnose and manage acute traumatic coagulopathy in children.