Abstract
Background: Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum are two medicinal plants used in traditional medicine but little information are available on them. The objective of this study was to evaluate oral acute and subchronic toxicity of methanol extract of Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum. Methods: Acute toxicity was evaluated in mice by administrating a single dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight of tested extract. The sub-chronic toxicity was conducted by orally administering methanol extract of Crasssocephalum bougheyanum and Triplotaxis stellulifera at doses of 7.93, 23.8, 71.4, 214.2 mg/kg b.w respectively for 28 days in four groups of mice. Toxicity signs, Body and vital organ weights; serum, hematological and biochemical parameters were monitored during and at the end of the study period and histological cut was done. Results: In acute toxicity, no death and other signs of toxicity was observed in mice. No significant difference on biochemical parameters, vital organ and body weight of mice were observed as compared to the control animal. Significant difference was observed in Granulocytes%, WBC% and MCV. In sub-chronic toxicity, mice treated with Triplotaxis stellulifera showed a significant decrease in Liver and Spleen weight as compared to control. Hematological parameters also showed significant increase in LYM% on mice treated with both extract. But Triplotaxis stellulifera treated mice also showed significant increase in PLT, GRAN% at the highest concentration and decrease MID%. Significant decreased was also observed on ASAT with both extract. Conclusion: The data revealed that DL50 of Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum is greater than 5000 mg/kg b.w. The oral administration of tested plant extract did not produce any toxic effect on Swiss albino’s mice. However these extracts have been shown to stimulate immune response. We therefore conclude that Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum can be used safely for oral administration.
Highlights
Traditional medicine through the use of plants has recently attracted attention because the observation is clear that plants are a natural source of medicine and they have being throughout human history [1]
The main Problem in the use of traditional medicine is that the dosage is non-standardized and most of the plants have not been evaluated for toxicity [4]
No treatment-related toxic symptoms or mortality were observed after oral administration of a single dose of the tested plant extract
Summary
Traditional medicine through the use of plants has recently attracted attention because the observation is clear that plants are a natural source of medicine and they have being throughout human history [1]. A majority of the people in developing countries used traditional herbal medicines to treat a number of diseases and ailments [2,3]. The main Problem in the use of traditional medicine is that the dosage is non-standardized and most of the plants have not been evaluated for toxicity [4]. A major cause of this toxicity includes plant misidentification, use of medicinal plants of unknown toxicity and contamination of medicinal plants with nephrotoxic non-herbal drugs [8]. Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum are two medicinal plants used in traditional medicine but little information are available on them. The objective of this study was to evaluate oral acute and subchronic toxicity of methanol extract of Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum
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