Abstract
Background: Enicostemma axillare (Lam.) Raynal is used in traditional practice for the treatment of diabetes, malaria and liver disorders. No systematic toxicity study was described for this plant and hence the present was undertaken to evaluate acute and sub-acute toxicity of aqueous extract of Enicostemma axillare (AEEA). Objective: The acute oral toxicity study of AEEA was carried out as per the OECD guidelines 423 in mice and the sub-acute toxicity was carried out as per the guidelines set by OECD 407 in male and female rats. Materials and Methods: Body weight, food and water consumption, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, organ weight and histopathological analysis were carried out. Results: No gross toxicity and mortality was observed upto a dose of 2000 mg/kg. For sub-acute toxicity test, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg daily dose of AEEA administered orally for 28 days in male and female group of rats not exhibited any signs of toxicity and mortality. Conclusion: In acute oral toxicity study, the oral administration of AEEA in mice was found to be safe up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg. Both male and female treated rats showed no change in hematological, biochemical and histological investigations and no signs of toxicity were observed upto the dose of 400 mg/kg in rats.
Highlights
Enicostemma axillare (Lam.) Raynal (EA) called as Vellarugu in Tamil and Chotachirayata in Hindi is an important group of medicinal plant belonging to the Gentianaceae family
Single oral administration of aqueous extract of Enicostemma axillare (AEEA) at a dose of 5, 50, 300 and 2000 mg/ kg as per OECD guideline 423 for 14 days did not produce any mortality in tested animals (Table 1)
Oral administration of AEEA at a dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg elicited no change in skin and fur, eyes and mucous membranes, and respiratory, circulatory, autonomic and central nervous systems and behaviour pattern of the animals observed
Summary
Enicostemma axillare (Lam.) Raynal (EA) called as Vellarugu in Tamil and Chotachirayata in Hindi is an important group of medicinal plant belonging to the Gentianaceae family. No systematic toxicity study was described for this plant and the present was undertaken to evaluate acute and sub-acute toxicity of aqueous extract of Enicostemma axillare (AEEA). Objective: The acute oral toxicity study of AEEA was carried out as per the OECD guidelines 423 in mice and the sub-acute toxicity was carried out as per the guidelines set by OECD 407 in male and female rats. For sub-acute toxicity test, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg daily dose of AEEA administered orally for 28 days in male and female group of rats not exhibited any signs of toxicity and mortality
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