Abstract
Acupuncture can effectively improve the sleep state, and most PD patients have sleep disorders. In this study, we used acupuncture to intervene in the sleep state of PDSD, so as to observe the changes and dose effect of Acutreatment on PDSD. 57 patients with PDSD, during medical treatment, aged 40–70 years were recruited to enroll in this trial. Each participant completed one condition, namely, Acutreatment (n = 30) and sham Acutreatment (placebo, stick flat needle on skin, n = 27). The Acutreatment was applied for 30 min once a day for a 30-day observation. UPDRSIII scores for motor symptom assessment and sleeping quality were assessed by PDSS-2, ESS as well as ActiGraph. Scale evaluation was made on the first day of admission and the thirtieth day. There were significant differences on all outcome indicators, except UPDRSIII, on day 30 compared with day 1 (P < 0.01). Compared with sham Acutreatment therapy, Acutreatment therapy has better performance in sleep latency, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency (P < 0.01). ActiGraph indicated that sleep efficiency of sham or Acutreatment in day 6 was significantly lower than that in day 5 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) and Acutreatment in day 7 was significantly lower than that in day 6 (P < 0.01). The sleep efficiency of Acutreatment in days 5, 6, and 7 was significantly higher than that in sham Acutreatment (P < 0.01). Moreover, Acutreatment in days 26, 27, and 28 was significantly higher than that in sham Acutreatment (P < 0.01). There was a close correlation between the difference of UPDRSIII and PDSS-2 (r = 0.5090, P < 0.05), sleep latency (r = 0.7201, P < 0.01), TST (r = −0.6136, P < 0.01), and sleep efficiency (r = −0.6707, P < 0.01). The sleep condition of PDSD patients can be improved by acupuncture, which can effectively relieve sleep quality, can also be shown by ActiGraph, and shows a dose-response relationship. Future research should explore Acutreatment with a larger sample size and compare the Acutreatment protocol goal formation of the system scheme.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most popular neurodegenerative disease up to date [1, 2]
Of 87 patients who reported interest to take part in the trial, 60 individuals met the inclusion criteria and were assigned (Table 1). 3 participants withdrew in sham Acutreatment after the start of the intervention; 57 individuals aged 40 to 70 years (33 women and 24men) were included
We observed the UPDRSIII, Parkinson’s disease Sleep Scale 2nd version (PDSS-2), and Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS) score on day 1 and day 30 of admission
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most popular neurodegenerative disease up to date [1, 2]. Sleep disturbance is the chief complaint of 64.1% of PD patients [3]. There are various forms of Parkinson’s disease sleep disorders (PDSD), such as annoying nighttime off symptoms, hallucinations, RBD (rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder), RLS (restless legs syndrome), sleep apnea syndrome, or nocturia. Sleep disorders were positively correlated with PD motor disorders [4]. The main treatment of sleep disorders is oral medication [5]. Sleep medicines are widely used but may cause adverse reactions in patients with PD, such as nocturia, depression, hallucination, and dependence [6], or even aggravate sleep disorders through the use and toxicity of sleep drugs. Acupuncture, as a common supplementary and placement therapy for PD, is used by 25.7%-76% of Parkinson’s disease patients [7, 8]
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