Abstract
The operation of the wind turbines downstream is affected by the wake of the wind turbines upstream. Wind turbine wake flow is investigated by applying the actuator disc (AD) method. The modified k-ε turbulence model is proposed by using both the turbulent kinetic energy source term and the dissipation rate source term to improve the standard k-ε turbulence model for coordinating the generation and the dissipation of the turbulent kinetic energy. The dissipation rate parameter C4ε that obeys a parabolic distribution is used, based on theoretical analysis. The force distributed on the AD is also used instead of a constant, as used in the classical AD method. The simulation results were consistent with the measurements that correspond to different kinds of wind turbines and conditions. The nacelle and the inflow turbulence intensity have great influences on accurately simulating the wake, so it is necessary to imitate the rotor along with the nacelle and accurately measure the inflow turbulence intensity.
Highlights
The wake region forms behind the rotor when air flowing through the running wind turbine has a major effect on the safe operation of the wind turbines downstream
The results showed that the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method for solving the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equation had as smaller calculation error and was superior to other model results, it was obviously superior to the traditional linear model
These variations mainly occurred in the vicinity of the actuator disc (AD), where the turbulent kinetic energy source term is added to the k-ε model (Equation (9)), which represents the rate of kinetic energy transformation into turbulent kinetic energy
Summary
The wake region forms behind the rotor when air flowing through the running wind turbine has a major effect on the safe operation of the wind turbines downstream. The actuator line model can demonstrate the wake of the wind turbine over complex terrain and reduce the cost of wind farm simulation to a certain extent [19], but it still takes a lot of computing resources. The wind turbine and the flow field in the ABL should be simulated well to improve the numerical accuracy of the wake. The flow field of wind turbines was simulated by using the combined CFD and AD method in complex terrain [31]. In order to investigate the wake accurately, a modified k-ε turbulence model is proposed in which both the turbulent kinetic energy source term and the dissipation rate source term are added. The results are consistent,are consistent, with the measurements, better reflect the relative velocity of distribution with the measurements, and better and reflect the relative velocity distribution the wake. of the wake
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