Abstract
Fetal and maternal outcomes are related to maternal pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) and to the weight gain during pregnancy. Women with overweight or obesity encounter almost a quarter of the complications that develop during pregnancy. The importance of excessive weight gain prophylaxis in pregnancy led to the development of certain guidelines. The Committee on Nutritional Status during Pregnancy and Lactation of the Institute of Medicine (IOM; now, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine) stated that, for a favourable outcome of a pregnancy, the weight of the infant should be between 3000 and 4000 grams. The management of the pregnancies should be dictated by the maternal BMI and should be particularized regarding the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus, in which active intervention, including treatment, is needed.
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