Actual Tasks of Oil-Wells Electric Submersible Pump Control Automation

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The article is devoted to the analysis of actual problems of automation of control of the installations of electric centrifugal pumps (ESPs) of oil producing wells and modern approaches to their solution. The solution of the problem requires the creation of complex multi-level systems for the adoption and implementation of control decisions. The top (planning) level of control requires the development of decision support systems that perform real-time collection and analysis of large amounts of information about the various work processes with ESPs. Actual tasks of this level are the development of models for identification and forecasting of oil production processes, as well as algorithms for finding control solutions aimed at optimizing these processes. Lower (operational) levels of management require the development of emergency and regulatory control systems that implement decisions taken at the upper levels. The actual tasks of this level of management are the development of dynamic models of the ESP process that provide the synthesis of optimal algorithms for implementing top-level management solutions, such as stabilization, I/O, emergency control. The main goals, tasks of these systems and approaches to the solution are considered. The analysis of ESP as a complex multiply connected control object is given. Controllable parameters, parameters of controlling and disturbing influences are distinguished. The generalized multilevel structure of the ESP control system and approaches to the construction of subsystems solving management tasks at various levels are considered. The approach to the construction of the system of the upper — planning level of the ESP control, the principles of its interaction with higher and subordinate systems is considered. The approach to the construction of the subsystem of the lower — operational level of the ESP control is considered. The tasks of this level of control are considered, including such as emergency control, regulation of the mode parameters, output to the operating mode. The classification of groups of emergency control tasks on protection from the most significant types of negative factors and approaches to their solution is given. The approach to the solution of the problem of ensuring the maximum oil production, as a problem of stabilizing the critical pressure at the pump inlet, is considered. Continuous and positional variants of algorithms for solving this problem are presented.