Actual directions for increasing the income of the population and reducing social stratification

Abstract

Within the framework of this scientific work, the goal was to study modern approaches used in the field of impact on increasing the income of individuals and reducing social differentiation between individual groups and classes. To measure the dynamics of changes in the phenomena under consideration, the authors analyzed the average per capita nominal income of society in the period from 2011 to 2022. The authors studied the data concerning real incomes, which made it possible to conduct a comparative analysis between nominal and real incomes. Within the framework of the presented work, political aspects in the field of reducing the level of social differentiation were considered. The basis was the data obtained in the calculation of key indicators of social differentiation, namely the Gini coefficient, the Lorenz curve and the decile coefficient. Data for Russia were compared with data for other countries to determine its place in the global structure in terms of social stratification. The authors identified key problems that become barriers to reducing the level of social differentiation, among which the slow growth of the minimum wage, low pensions, as well as consistently high coefficients, reflecting high social stratification, are highlighted, which was confirmed by the results of the author's analysis. A particularly important problem was the concealment of high incomes, which significantly weakens the state social policy. As key areas for reducing the level of social differentiation, the authors proposed the development of a mechanism of interbudgetary transfers to stimulate the development of the region's own economic potential, support for the economic potential of backward territories, as well as indexation of social benefits and wages.