Actual aspects of Ukraines migration policy

Abstract

In the article, the author considered the theoretical foundations of Ukraine's migration policy, defined the main regulatory measures and directions, the main of which are the provision of social and legal protection of labor migrants and their family members; cooperation with state bodies of foreign countries, international and public associations interested in solving issues of foreign labor migration; implementation of measures to prevent illegal foreign labor migration. The principles of the implementation of the state migration policy of Ukraine were substantiated legislatively. It was found that some of them today have a more declarative nature than a practical one. The author observed changes in the migration flows of Ukraine for the period 2013-2021 and identified certain trends and contradictions: an exaggeration of the number of people arriving in Ukraine than those leaving by 2021 was revealed. The author emphasized that the military events in Ukraine created the prerequisites for the forced migration of the majority of people who may not have previously planned to change their place of residence and go abroad. It was found that the outflow of young people and persons with a high educational level is alarming, which negatively affects the economic development of Ukraine, its provision of highly qualified personnel. The main ways of overcoming the negative economic consequences of the migration crisis and improving the migration policy have been determined, in particular through a complex of stimulating, corrective and regulatory measures of a socio-economic nature. It was determined that in today's conditions, in order to solve the primary problems of the population, the state should perform the function of the main driver of the economy and stimulation of business development. The author emphasized that a relevant aspect of migration policy is solving the problem of optimizing the use of labor potential, taking into account regional specifics. The author points out the importance of the actions of the government of Ukraine regarding the development of certain mechanisms for attracting savings accumulated by citizens as a result of working abroad to the development and support of small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine. It was determined that a modern effective migration policy should focus on expanding the information base and volume of consulting services in the countries of origin, transit and destination of migrants.