Abstract
Mangrove forests in protected area are common pool resources (CPRs). Characteristics of the forest resource is very dynamic, i.e. exposed to abrasion can be lost and could form arise with widespread forest land toward to the ocean. This phenomenon occurs virtually all coastal in Indonesia. It meets difficulties in determining policy granting ownership rights. The purpose of this study is to identify the role of stakeholders. We used the history description in period of 1977—2004 and analyses on the actors, interests, and conflicts in sustainable mangrove forest management in period of 2005—2010. In this research, we used the case study on the mangrove forest whose characteristic is emerging land, and the people were aware of not cutting forest for the other functions. Lampung Mangrove Center was chosen as a purposive sampling. Involving stakeholders in achieving the common goal of mangrove forest management is accordance with their duties and functions between the three partite cooperation (local government, community, and University of Lampung). The appearance of potential conflict that caused the same powerful interests among stakeholders should discuss to set the rules agreed upon. Interest in education of mangrove forest biodiversity in terms of their effects on the sustainability of non-timber forest products and fuel wood to meet the community household energy needs to enhance by the University of Lampung. The regulation governing the use of only dry branch of mangrove and not mangrove trees cutting is an effort to preserve the mangrove forests.
Highlights
Mangrove forest along coastal has functioned as a protected area based on Indonesian President Decree Number 32 Year 1990 on management of protection area
The forest has a characteristic of common pool resource, and it tends to damage for the quality and quantity of the forest
Bengen & Andrianto (1998) reported that mangrove degradation reached until 47.92% in 11 years. This was caused by the absence of understanding in mangrove characteristics, demand change, mangrove conversion for other uses, nature influence, and social economic condition of the people
Summary
Mangrove forest along coastal has functioned as a protected area based on Indonesian President Decree Number 32 Year 1990 on management of protection area. The behaviors of the forest users cannot predict in forest utilization. FAO (2003) reported that mangrove forest degradation had reached 5 million hectares in 20 years or 20% of the total width of mangrove in the world. Bengen & Andrianto (1998) reported that mangrove degradation reached until 47.92% in 11 years. This was caused by the absence of understanding in mangrove characteristics, demand change, mangrove conversion for other uses, nature influence, and social economic condition of the people. The institutions of mangrove forests are required to minimize the free riding, rent seeking, and opportunistic behavior in order to maximize profits in mangrove utilization
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