Abstract
The venom of sea snakes, family Hydrophiidae, is among the most potent of all known snake toxins. Although various signs and symptoms accompany sea snake envenomation, paralysis and respiratory depression are the most prominent. Crude sea snake venom and purified toxins characteristically exhibit neuromuscular activity. Purified neurotoxins have been isolated from Laticauda semifasciata (Tamiya and Arai, 1966), Laticauda laticaudata and Laticauda colubrina (Sato et al., 1969), Lapemis hardwickii (Tu and Hong, 1971), Enhydrina schistosa (Karlsson et al., 1972), and Hydrophis cyanocinctus (Liu et al., 1973). Recently, during an expedition of the Research Vessel Alpha Helix to Ashmore Reef, venom was collected from several species which are more rarely encountered. A preliminary report indicated the neurotoxic activity of crude venom from each of Astrotia stokesii, Aipysurus laevis, Hydrophis elegans, and Hydrophis beleheri collected during that expedition (Barber et al., 1974). Our present report includes additional data regarding the crude venoms of A. stokesii, A. laevis, and H elegans.
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