Abstract
The activity of enzymes in soil is sensitive to the changes in soil properties affected by biotic and abiotic factors. This study investigates the influence of salinity on some enzymes (catalase CAT, dehydrogenases DEH, alkaline AlP, and acid AcP phosphatase) and pH in 0.01 M CaCl2, ECe, the content of total organic carbon, and total nitrogen in technogenic salinization soil next to the soda plant. Seven soil sampling sites were selected (S1–S6) in the area close to the soda plant and C (the control). Based on the enzyme activity, also soil indicators were calculated: the resistance index (RS), enzymatic pH indicator frac{mathrm{AlP}}{mathrm{AcP}} , the factor of the impact of anthropopressure (IF), the biological index of fertility (BIF), and the indices of biochemical soil activity (BA12 and BA13). The above study did not show one-way changes of the parameters investigated. The relations between the parameters and the activity of catalase, dehydrogenase, alkaline, and acid phosphatase show that they are mostly determined by the state of salinity of the soil environment. The calculated index of resistance (RS), as an effective means of the enzymatic response to environmental stress, facilitated putting the enzymes in the following series: CAT>DEH>AlP>AcP. It shows that catalase and dehydrogenases are most resistant to the anthropogenic factor. The calculated values of BA12 and BA13 indices showed the differences between technogenic salinization soils and the soil sampled from the control. The lowest BIF values were observed at S6 and S3, S4, and C.
Highlights
Technogenic soils are the soils formed due to the technical and biological reclamation of waste produced due to industrial activity (Uzarowicz 2011; IUSS Working Group WRB 2015)
This study shows the effect of some enzymes on technogenic salinization in soils in the area of the plant of CIECH Soda Polska S.A
The waste used to be stored in the socalled sedimentation tanks, without adequate safety measures, which resulted in the penetration of salt to shallow-deposited ground waters, and in the salinity of very fertile soils in the adjacent areas
Summary
Technogenic soils are the soils formed due to the technical and biological reclamation of waste produced due to industrial activity (Uzarowicz 2011; IUSS Working Group WRB 2015). Since the development of mining and other industry sectors leads to an increase in the amount of waste, the reclamation of wasteland becomes a more and more important economic necessity. The technogenic soil transformation, which reflects the effectiveness of reclamation, can be estimated applying many physical, chemical, and biological methods. Reclamation can alter ecosystem processes that affect soil physicochemical and biological. Study of Xie et al (2017) showed that reclamation had extremely positive effects on the physicochemical properties and the activities of soil enzymes (dehydrogenase, urease, amylase, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase) of reclaimed saline soil
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