Activity of antioxidant enzymes in laboratory rats of different ages in the early and late stages of polytrauma simulation

Abstract

Introduction. The last decades are characterized by a significant increase in traumatism, especially among young people, which has various causes. One of the pathogenetic links of traumatic disease is a violation of the antioxidant defense system. Data on changes in the indicators of the antioxidant system in people of different ages and at different periods of traumatic illness are disparate and contradictory.The aim of the study – to determine the activity of antioxidant protection indicators in the early and late stages of polytrauma in young, mature and old rats.Research Methods. Simulation of polytrauma was performed under the thiopental-sodium anesthesia (60 mg per kilogram of mass). In aseptic conditions, the animals caused bleeding from the femoral vein (about 20 % of the volume of circulating blood), 1 ml of which was injected into the paranephrine cellulose to reproduce endogenous intoxication. Then from the operative access by the forceps of Liera the left femur was broken, wound on the thigh was sewed. The research was conducted after 1, 3, 24 hours and 14 days after the polytraumatic modeling. The activity of superoxide dismutase in serum was determined by Chevari's method. The activity of catalase in liver homogenate and blood plasma was determined by the method of M. A. Koroliuk and co-authors. The content of ceruloplasmin in serum was determined according to the method of V. H. Kolb, V. S. Kamyshnikov.Results and Discussion. Polytrauma simulation in 3, 6, and 24-month old rats in the early (1, 3 and 24 hours) and late (14 days) periods of traumatic injury led to the activation of antioxidant defense enzymes. Investigation of the activity of antioxidant enzymes in animals with simulated polytrauma was accompanied by an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase for 3 hours and with a further sharp decrease in activity for 24 hours, especially for young three-month-old animals. Till 14th day, the activity of the enzyme grew and approached the level of intact animals. The activity of catalase in serum increased during all investigated terms of the early period of polytrauma with a maximum value of 24 hours of experiment in animals of all studied groups with a subsequent tendency to normalize for 14 days. In the liver of experimental animals, the activity of the enzyme was depleted, as evidenced by a sharp decrease in its activity during 1, 3, and 24 hours (early polyarthriform period), followed by an increase in activity for 14 days. The activity of ceruloplasmin in serum of 3, 6, and 24-month old animals increased throughout the experiment, with the highest values reaching 1 day after polytrauma.Conclusion. The activity of the studied antioxidant enzymes increased in all groups of animals, especially in 3 month-old, in the early stages after the polytrauma simulation. At the 14th day (late stage) it was reduced.