Abstract
New data of activity coefficients at infinite dilution, γ 13∞, for 65 different solutes including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, thiophene, ethers, ketones, aldehydes, esters and water in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluorotris(perfluoroethyl)phosphate, were determined using inverse gas chromatography within the temperature range from 318.15 to 368.15 K. This is a continuation of our study of ionic liquids based on this anion. The results are compared with the other trifluorotris(perfluoroethyl)phosphate ionic liquids. The γ 13∞ values were used to calculate thermodynamic functions such as partial molar excess Gibbs energies Delta G_{1}^{{{text{E,}}infty }} , enthalpies Delta H_{1}^{{{text{E,}}infty }} and entropies Delta S_{1}^{{{text{E,}}infty }} as well as gas–liquid partition coefficients of the solutes, K L. These values were used to determine the linear free energy relationship (LFER) system constants as a function of temperature. The selectivities at infinite dilution needed for some extraction problems were calculated and compared with literature data of ionic liquids based on the trifluorotris(perfluoroethyl)phosphate anion and the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation. Additionally, the density and viscosity of the investigated ionic liquid at temperatures from 298.15 to 348.15 K were measured.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10953-014-0274-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
The negligible vapor pressure of ionic liquids (ILs) makes it possible to consider ILs as environment-friendly compounds that can be used as entrainers in azeotrope breaking and fuel desulphurization, in liquid–liquid extraction processes, and in extractive distillation [1, 2]
The selectivities at infinite dilution needed for some extraction problems were calculated and compared with literature data of ionic liquids based on the trifluorotris(perfluoroethyl)phosphate anion and the 1-ethyl-3methylimidazolium cation
Activity coefficients at infinite dilution and the gas–liquid partition coefficients for 65 solutes in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluorotris(perfluoroethyl)phosphate were measured by inverse gas chromatography at temperatures ranging from 318.15 to 368.15 K
Summary
The negligible vapor pressure of ionic liquids (ILs) makes it possible to consider ILs as environment-friendly compounds that can be used as entrainers in azeotrope breaking and fuel desulphurization, in liquid–liquid extraction processes, and in extractive distillation [1, 2]. The extremely low volatility of ILs results in negligible solvent loss to the atmosphere, and makes it possible to recover ILs by vacuum distillation after extraction, which is an advantage from an economic point of view. Knowledge of the physical properties of ILs and their interaction with large number of different solvents is necessary to check their potential application in the separation of azeotropes. The almost unlimited number of possible combination of anions and cations makes this possible
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