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Abstract
Medicinal plants are used worldwide for several human ailments including bacterial infections. The present work was designed to assess the in vitro antibacterial activities of some Cameroonian medicinal plants including Entada abyssinica, Entada africana, Pentaclethra macrophylla, Allexis cauliflora, Anthocleista leibrechtsiana, Carapa procera, Carica papaya and Persea americana against Gram-negative bacteria expressing multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotypes. The microbroth dilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the samples against eight bacterial strains belonging to four species, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Providencia stuartii. The extracts displayed selective antibacterial activities with the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values ranges of 64 to 1024 µg/mL. The most active extract was that from Pentaclethra macrophylla (TPM) that showed inhibitory activities against five of the eight (62.5%) tested bacteria. The lowest MIC value (64 µg/mL) was recorded with the crude extract of Entada africana against E. coli AG100A whilst the best MBC (256 µg/mL) value was also obtained with methanol extract of Persea americana against this bacterial strain. The results of the present work provide baseline information on the possible use of Pentaclethra macrophylla, Entada africana and Entada abyssinica in the treatment of selected bacterial infections.
Highlights
The increase of bacterial resistance leading to treatment failures is directly responsiblefor the current increase in morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial infections[1]
The microbroth dilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the samples against eight bacterial strains belonging to four species, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Providencia stuartii
The lowest MIC value (64 μg/mL) was recorded with the crude extract of Entada africana against E. coli AG100A whilst the best MBC (256 μg/mL) value was obtained with methanol extract of Persea americana against this bacterial strain
Summary
The increase of bacterial resistance leading to treatment failures is directly responsiblefor the current increase in morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial infections[1]. Among the known mechanisms of resistance, active efflux via resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) pumps is one of the most occurring systems in Gram-negative bacteria[2] This efflux system depends on membrane energy and efficiently expels structurally unrelated antibiotic molecules across the bacterial envelope via a tripartite complex (comprising an inner membrane pump, a periplasmic fusion protein, and an outer membrane channel)[3]. The present work was designed to assess the in vitro antibacterial activities of some Cameroonian medicinal plants including Entada abyssinica, Entada africana, Pentaclethra macrophylla, Allexis cauliflora, Anthocleista leibrechtsiana, Carapa procera, Carica papaya and Persea americana against Gram-negative bacteria expressing multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotypes. Conclusion: The results of the present work provide baseline information on the possible use of Pentaclethra macrophylla, Entada africana and Entada abyssinica in the treatment of selected bacterial infections.
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