Abstract
A tunable toroidal resonance generated in hybrid metal-vanadium dioxide metamaterial, which is composed of rectangular aluminum split ring interconnected with VO2 strips, is proposed and illustrated in this paper. Simulation results show that the toroidal dipolar resonance is generated by two reversed closed-loop poloidal currents co-excited by aluminum and vanadium dioxide, and the toroidal dipolar resonance is insensitive to the polarization angle because of symmetrical structure. In addition, the calculated scattered powers show that the toroidal dipolar resonance is remarkable and plays a dominant role in the vicinity of transmission dip. Moreover, the amplitude of toroidal resonance can be actively tuned by conductivity of VO2, and theoretical fitting is carried out to further reveal the physical mechanism. The fitting results indicate that the physical mechanism can be attributed to the variation of overall damping rate caused by tuning conductivity of vanadium dioxide. This work can enrich the actively tunable toroidal dipolar metamaterial and have potential applications in terahertz high–Q-factor sensors.
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