Abstract
AME Aquatic Microbial Ecology Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials AME 62:99-108 (2011) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01459 Active uptake of kleptoplastids by Dinophysis caudata from its ciliate prey Myrionecta rubra Susanna Minnhagen1, Miran Kim2, Paulo S. Salomon1, Wonho Yih3, Edna Granéli1, Myung Gil Park2,* 1University of Kalmar, 391 82 Kalmar, Sweden 2Laboratory of HAB Ecophysiology (LOHABE), Department of Oceanography, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea 3Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 573-701, Republic of Korea *Corresponding author. Email: mpark@chonnam.ac.kr ABSTRACT: We verified an active uptake of kleptoplastids in the toxic and bloom-forming dinoflagellates of the genus Dinophysis from its preferred prey, the ciliate Myrionecta rubra, using a quantitative real-time PCR technique. During a 65 d starvation/feeding experiment with Dinophysis caudata, changes in plastid 16S rRNA, plastid autofluorescence and plastid/nuclear DNA ratio through the cell cycle were followed with quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry. During starvation, the cultures initially showed a rapid growth and a 3.5-fold increase of number of cells ml–1, while at the same time, plastid DNA cell–1 showed a 3.5-fold decrease, and a 3.6-fold decrease in phycoerythrin fluorescence cell–1. The decrease in plastid DNA cell–1 d–1 closely followed culture growth rate (Pearson correlation, r = 0.91), indicating that existing plastids were diluted within the growing population and that no new plastids were synthesised by the cells. When starved cells were re-fed by the ciliate M. rubra on Days 43 to 51 of the experiment, plastid DNA cell–1 increased 7-fold up to 14000 16S DNA copies per cell, thereby directly revealing the kleptoplastic behaviour. The implication is that not only availability of the prey M. rubra itself, but also the supply of suitable kleptoplastids might be an important controlling factor for Dinophysis spp. bloom formation and decline. KEY WORDS: Dinophysis · Myrionecta rubra · Kleptoplastid · Real-time PCR Full text in pdf format PreviousCite this article as: Minnhagen S, Kim M, Salomon PS, Yih W, Granéli E, Park MG (2011) Active uptake of kleptoplastids by Dinophysis caudata from its ciliate prey Myrionecta rubra. Aquat Microb Ecol 62:99-108. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01459 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AME Vol. 62, No. 1. Online publication date: January 04, 2011 Print ISSN: 0948-3055; Online ISSN: 1616-1564 Copyright © 2011 Inter-Research.
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