Abstract
Tuberculosis infections is a serious illness and can be life threatening for patients with hematologic malignancies. We are reporting the observations of two children aged 7 and 5 years undergoing anticancer treatment for hematological malignancies. The symptoms were, in the first case, cough, purulent sputum and signs of tuberculosis impregnation, for the second case, cervical adenopathies (PDA) with inflammatory signs. The evolution under antituberculosis treatment was favorable for both patients, with a 5-year follow-up for the first patient and one year for the second case. The tuberculosis did not affect chemotherapy. The goal of our work is to specify the etio-pathogenic mechanisms, the clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary particularities of this rare association.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious, life-threatening disease for patients with cancer
The child is followed for acute lymphoblastic leukemia classified as Standard Risk treated according to the MARALL 2006 protocol, under maintenance chemotherapy based on 6 Mercaptopurine and low doses of weekly Methotrexate
Children with solid cancers or hematologic malignancies have a high relative risk of developing TB and should be considered for routine screening and treatment of latent TB, especially when they come from settings with a high incidence of TB [1] [9]
Summary
The cases of tuberculosis in pediatric oncology departments are rare. Due to underlying disease or drug-induced disease, are susceptible to developing TB disease; patients with acute leukemia (AL) are predisposed to developing infections, including tuberculosis (TB) [3] [4] [5] [6].
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