Abstract
2-Propanol and 2-butanol have been dehydrated over alkali cation-exchanged zeolites X and Y. The first reaction was carried out in a differential continuous-flow reactor, the second one in a recirculation reactor, using deuterated alcohols. From isopropanol, propylene and diisopropyl ether are formed as dehydration products. The kinetic data can be fitted to a Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation of the form: r = kK A P A( K A P A + K W P W) −1, where the rate of the reaction is slowed down by the desorption of water. The inter- and intramolecular dehydrations are parallel reactions catalyzed by weak hydroxyl groups. The selectivity is determined by the concentration and acidity of these groups. A detailed reaction mechanism (of the E 1 type) is advanced which accounts for the observations.
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