Abstract
Although PV systems are one of the most widely used alternatives as a renewable energy source due to their well-known advantages, there are significant challenges to address related to voltage fluctuations and reverse power flow caused by high PV penetration scenarios. As a potential solution to this problem, an active power management strategy is proposed in this work using a residential cluster as a benchmark. The proposed strategy is analyzed and experimentally verified, offering a simple way to reduce the voltage fluctuations by regulating the active power delivered by the PV system, achieving also relevant functionalities for the system, such as the regulation of the DC bus voltage, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), synchronization with the grid voltage, detection of high penetration conditions, and a simple strategy for the main controller with an effective performance. The proposal system shows satisfactory results being able to maintain grid voltage fluctuations within the voltage standard specifications.
Highlights
The number of photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the electric grid has grown considerably in recent decades
Since the voltage fluctuation due to high PV penetration is caused by the grid parasitic elements and the inverse power injected by the PV system, in this paper, a power management strategy to alleviate the voltage variation is proposed
This paper presents a different solution to reduce voltage fluctuations in the power grid, caused by high PV penetration when a residential cluster is the load
Summary
The number of photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the electric grid has grown considerably in recent decades. Different techniques associated with voltage regulation and control methods to mitigate the effect of high PV penetration have been proposed These solutions include studies to determine the maximum loads connected to the grid [23], grid layout and loads residential design [24], variable tap transformers [25] and smart transformers applications [26], battery bank systems [27,28,29], inverters with reactive power capability [30,31,32,33], and the interconnectivity of external devices with the grid as smart electrical vehicles [34]. A strategy to control a PV inverter is proposed, which allows reducing the voltage variations in an LV distribution network under a high PV penetration scenario through active power management. The main conclusions are considered to resume the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed solution
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