Abstract
Modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based VSC system has become attractive around the world for renewable energy integration. Instead of a dynamic braking resistor, this work proposes an active power reduction technique for PV systems to support the fault ride through (FRT) of the MMC-HVDC system. In addition, it develops a battery control strategy to improve transient performance during solar radiation and temperature change due to partial shading of the PV panels. Besides, a control technique for the battery to regulate the surplus energy in the HVDC transmission network is developed. Furthermore, the proposed control scheme optimally integrates solar energy using the modified incremental conductance method. A feedforward controller was employed to create a standalone AC grid. The complete system has been implemented in real-time digital simulation (RTDS). The results confirm the efficacy of active power reduction technique to protect the HVDC link voltage and battery control strategy for the improvement of transient performance during the irradiance and temperature changes. Besides, it improves the low voltage ride-through capability during balanced and unbalanced disturbances at the point of common coupling.
Highlights
Electricity consumption is increasing day by day due to everlasting demand from the rising world population
Renewable energy has become competitive over the years and able to compete with conventional energy [1,2,3]
As with other renewable energy, a suitable place for PV panels to be located is deserts where the efficiency is the highest and the land is not utilized for forestry, agriculture, and rural and urban development
Summary
Electricity consumption is increasing day by day due to everlasting demand from the rising world population. Papers reported in the literature [38,39] have placed capacitance on the high voltage AC side for AC grid-forming and included its dynamics in the control loop It results in reactive power consumption and increases filtering cost, where MMC generates a small number of harmonics. The efficacy of active power reduction technique and battery-based control strategy for the MMC-HVDC system is evaluated against the severe balanced and unbalanced disturbances at the point of common coupling of AC grids and fluctuation of the solar radiation and temperature. Active power curtailment of PV-Battery integrated MMC-HVDC system has not been reported; Local voltage signal based PV-Battery control for the HVDC link voltage protection has not been addressed; Detailed model-based complete system with real-time simulation results has not been presented
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