Abstract
The basement membrane, a thin extracellular matrix, plays a critical role in tissue development and repair. Laminins are the major component of basement membrane and have diverse biological activities. We have identified various cell-adhesive peptides from laminins and their specific cell surface receptors. Polysaccharides, including chitosan, have been used as scaffolds, which regulate cellular functions for tissue engineering. We have developed laminin-derived active peptide-chitosan matrices as functional scaffolds. The biological activity of the peptides was enhanced when the peptides were conjugated to a chitosan matrix, suggesting that the peptide-chitosan matrix approach has an advantage for an active biomaterial. Further, the laminin peptide-chitosan matrices have the potential to mimic the basement membrane and are useful for tissue engineering as an artificial basement membrane.
Highlights
Cell-based biomaterials have been found to have therapeutic applications for tissue engineering [1,2,3]
We focus on the cell-adhesive laminin-derived peptide conjugated chitosan matrix to mimic the multi-biological functions of basement membrane (BM)
These results suggest that the chitosan matrix is a compatible scaffold for the cells and that the peptides conjugated to the matrices have an active conformation
Summary
Cell-based biomaterials have been found to have therapeutic applications for tissue engineering [1,2,3]. We previously identified about sixty cell-adhesive sequences from laminin-111 using 673 synthetic peptides covering the entire sequence These active peptides promote various biological activities, including the promotion of cell spreading, cell differentiation, neurite outgrowth, angiogenesis and wound healing, and many of them bind to distinct cellular receptors [32,33,34,35,37,38]. The mixed peptide-chitosan matrix significantly enhanced the biological activities via the synergy of these different cell surface receptors These studies suggest that peptide-conjugated chitosan matrices are an ideal biomaterial to develop artificial BMs for therapeutic applications and are useful tools to evaluate cell-ECM interactions
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