Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of incorporating active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) as a biomarker into the new periodontitis classification system (stage/grade) presented in 2018. This study included 150 Greek adults aged 25–78, of whom 74 were men and 76 women. Participants were tested with an aMMP-8 point-of-care mouthrinse test, after which a full-mouth clinical examination was performed to assess their periodontal and oral health. The aMMP-8 levels in mouthrinse were significantly lower among healthy patients compared with patients in more severe periodontitis stages and grades (Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn–Bonferroni test for pairwise post-hoc comparisons; p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, aMMP-8 levels were less correlated with plaque levels than bleeding on probing (BOP) (Spearman’s rho = 0.269, p < 0.001; Spearman’s rho = 0.586, p < 0.001); respectively). Thus, aMMP-8 was more robust to the confounding effects of oral hygiene than traditional periodontal parameter bleeding on probing. The aMMP-8 point-of-care mouthrinse test can be utilized as an adjunctive and preventive diagnostic tool to identify periodontal disease, classified by stage and grade, and ongoing periodontal breakdown chairside in clinical practice in only 5 min. Overall, integrating aMMP-8 into the new periodontitis classification system seems beneficial.
Highlights
A new revised periodontitis case definition system was introduced in 2018 to define periodontitis more appropriately by its stage, and grade [1]
AMMP-8 levels in mouthrinse were significantly lower among healthy patients compared with patients in more severe periodontitis stages and grades (Kruskal–Wallis test, p < 0.01; Figure 1), as would be expected from an effective diagnostic tool to classify periodontal health and disease [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]. This result is in agreement with previous studies that have shown that active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) predicts very well future periodontal breakdown [35]
Patients, compared the same applies to patients when compared to patients the same applies to bleeding on probing (BOP) and visual plaque index (VPI) levels among Grade A patients when compared to Grade B patients (Figure 1)
Summary
Timo Sorsa 1,2, *, Saeed Alassiri 1 , Andreas Grigoriadis 3,4 , Ismo T. Räisänen 1, * , Pirjo Pärnänen 1 , Solomon O. Nwhator 5 , Dirk-Rolf Gieselmann 6 and Dimitra Sakellari 3. Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. Received: 7 December 2019; Accepted: 20 January 2020; Published: 22 January 2020
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