Active Broadband Manipulation of Terahertz Photonic Spin Based on Gyrotropic Pancharatnam-Berry Metasurface

Abstract

Controlling terahertz (THz) waves, especially the polarization state and deflection angle, is important in THz application systems. But most of conventional THz metasurfaces have limitations in efficiency and working bandwidth. Although Pancharatnam-Berry (P-B) metasurfaces shows excellent manipulation for the circular polarized (CP) waves (or called photonic spin states) without phase dispersion, there is still challenge in active controlling. Here, we developed a magnetically tunable gyrotropic P-B metasurface by combining the gyroelectric semiconductor InSb and the P-B elements, which obtain two important effects: One is the active photonic spin Hall effect, which controls the conversion between two CP states and the deflection in space. A broadband working frequency of 1.02∼1.7 THz is obtained with the sweeping deflection angle from 36.6° to 83.5° and the highest efficiency of over 70%. The other is photonic spin filter effect, which reflects one CP state but absorb the other orthogonal CP state, realizing nonreciprocal absorption with the isolation of 24 dB. This active, high efficiency and broadband P-B metasurface opens a new way in manipulation of the THz wave propagation and polarization states in both space and frequency domains.