Abstract
Residual sweet lime peels after the extraction of essential oil by solvent free microwave extraction were used for developing biodegradable film. Glycerol as a plasticizer, soya lecithin as an emulsifier and sweet lime essential oil (0, 1, 2 and 3%) as an active agent was employed. Developed films were analyzed for their mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties. The films (with 3% essential oil) which reported highest antimicrobial property against E. coli (24.24 ± 2.69 mm) were wrapped on fish fillet and stored at the refrigerated condition for 12 days. The quality of fish fillets was evaluated every 4 days and compared with polyethylene wrapped and control fish fillets. The active film wrapped sample showed less surface microbial count (3.28 ± 0.16 log cfu/cm2) compared to polyethylene wrapped sample. The hardness values were increased during storage and cohesiveness and springiness of all wrapped samples decreased from day 0 to day 12.
Highlights
Citrus juices are one of the most common fruit juices consumed globally, which constitute a large amount of waste that largely goes to land-fills
The properties of films developed using residue of sweet lime peel added with sweet lime essential oil at different concentration
The reported water vapor permeability (WVP) values were higher compared to WVP values of biodegradable films developed using potato peel (8.09–9.47 × 10−9 g/pressure of water (Pa) h m), sweet lime peel (6.13–6.89 × 10−9 g/Pa h m) and pumpkin peel (9.82 × 10−6 g/Pa h m) [9,13]
Summary
Citrus juices are one of the most common fruit juices consumed globally, which constitute a large amount of waste that largely goes to land-fills. Sweet lime peel is a waste material generated from its processing industries and it is a good source of flavonoids, pectin and essential oil. Such citrus wastes are most popularly used for extraction of essential oil due to their antimicrobial, anxiolytic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Many researchers utilized citrus industry waste for extraction of essential oil [1,2,3,4,5]. They have not suggested the effective utilization of such secondary waste generated by these processes. One of the possible uses of such residues is development of biodegradable packaging
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