Abstract
Micromixers are classified into two types: active and passive micromixers. Active micromixers promote mixing using moving parts or some external agitation/energy to stir the fluids. Magnetic energy, electrical energy, pressure disturbance, and ultrasonic are examples of the external energies to enhance mixing. Passive micromixers use geometrical modification to cause chaotic advection or lamination to promote the mixing of the fluid samples, and allow easy fabrication and integration with lab-on-a-chip and μ-TAS. In this chapter, both active and passive micromixers are discussed, but the major emphasis is laid on passive micromixer designs and mechanisms. Extensive referencing on active and passive micromixers is not possible due to the limited length of the book, but the diversity of micromixers is introduced as much as possible.
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