Abstract
It is the postwar period that the active agricultural population in Japan has for the first time shown a decline in numbers. This article is based on a statistical examination of the fact that the decline was due to the decrease of young recruits to agriculture rather than to an outflow of population from agriculture. From this the author points out (1) the fact that there exist conditions which will accelerate the tendency toward decrease in the agricultural population, and (2) the changes that have been occurring in the role and characteristics of the agricultural population as a source of labor supply. Serious attention is also paid to the influence of this decrease upon wage costs of industrial enterprises, chief point of which is the shift in the relative weight of the labor force supplied from rural areas, from single persons to persons tied to family and land.
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