Activation of Viscous Flows of Water–Acetone–Methyl Ethyl Ketone Solutions with High Contents of Water, Compared to Water–Alcohol–Acetone Solutions

Abstract

Values of kinematic viscosity and density are determined for water–acetone–methyl ethyl ketone solutions for the first time in the region of high contents of water and the 20–40°C range of temperatures. Results are used to calculate the molar kinematic viscosity (νm), the Gibbs energy of viscous flow activation (ΔG≠νΔ), and the entropy of viscous flow activation. The viscometric characteristics of this system are compared to those of water–ethanol–acetone, water–2-propanol–acetone, and water–2-butanol–acetone systems studied earlier. Dependences on the concentration of one organic component at a fixed content of a second are presented for different properties. The viscometric parameters of ternary solutions with methyl ethyl ketone, calculated based on size/molecular weight of the components (νm and ΔG≠νΔ), are close to those obtained for solutions with ethanol but notably higher for solutions with 2-propanol and 2-butanol. It is concluded that molecules participating in the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds as proton donors (alcohols) raises viscosity more than an increase in size/mass (methyl ethyl ketone). Different ways of calculating the entropy of viscous flow activation (ΔS≠νΔ) are compared on the basis of literature data. It is found that ΔS≠νΔ is higher than that of water in the studied range of concentrations of the ternary water–acetone–methyl ethyl ketone system, which is also typical of other aqueous solutions.