Abstract
Although chemotherapy, targeted therapy and endocrine therapy decrease rate of disease recurrence in most breast cancer patients, many patients exhibit acquired resistance. Hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is associated with drug resistance and cancer progression. Currently, a number of drugs targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR are being investigated in clinical trials by combining them with standard therapies to overcome acquired resistance in breast cancer. In this review, we summarize the critical role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in drug resistance, the development of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors, and strategies to overcome acquired resistance to standard therapies in breast cancer.
Highlights
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women around the world (Siegel and Miller, 2020)
We summarize the critical role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in drug resistance, the development of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors, and strategies to overcome acquired resistance to standard therapies in breast cancer
We summarize the current knowledge of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway related to drug resistance in breast cancer and propose an effective drug development strategy
Summary
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women around the world (Siegel and Miller, 2020). The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has emerged as a novel target for overcoming drug resistance in recent years (Keegan et al, 2018; Verret et al, 2019). Dysregulation of this pathway is closely related to tumor progression and resistance to standard therapies in breast cancer (Guerrero-Zotano et al, 2016). The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is one of the most frequently activated pathways in several types of cancers (Alzahrani, 2019) This is one of the most important reasons for intrinsic resistance. We summarize the current knowledge of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway related to drug resistance in breast cancer and propose an effective drug development strategy
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