Activation of Hair Cell Growth Factors by Linoleic Acid in Malva verticillata Seed.

Hwa Sun Ryu,Jiyeon Jeong,Jung-No Lee,Yong-Moon Lee,Chun Mong Lee,Kwang Sik Lee,Sung-Min Park

doi:10.3390/molecules26082117

Hwa Sun Ryu, Jiyeon Jeong + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082117

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Abstract

Hair loss by excessive stress from work and lifestyle changes has become a growing concern, particularly among young individuals. However, most drugs for alopecia impose a plethora of side effects. We have found the powerful impact of Malva verticillata seed extracts on alleviating hair loss. This study further isolated effective chemicals in M. verticillata seed extracts by liquid silica gel column chromatography. Under the screening for the growth rate (%) of human follicles dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs), we identified linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid in n-hexane of M. verticillate (MH)2 fraction. LA treatment activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and induced HFDPCs growth by increasing the expression of cell cycle proteins such as cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2. LA treatment also increased several growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, hepatocyte growth factor, and keratinocyte growth factor, in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, LA significantly inhibited Dickkopf-related protein expression (DKK-1), a primary alopecia signaling by dihydrotestosterone. Our findings suggest that LA treatment may alleviate a testosterone-induced signaling molecule and induces HFDPCs growth by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Highlights

Hair loss by excessive stress from work and lifestyle changes has become a growing concern, among young individuals [1]
Human follicles dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) and mesenchymal cells located at the bottom of the hair follicle, are the critical cells involved in hair growth cycle regulation [10,11]
We structurally identified the two separated compounds were by comparing the reported spectroscopic data [32,33] and the spectrum data obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy, and HPLC analysis

Summary

Introduction

Hair loss by excessive stress from work and lifestyle changes has become a growing concern, among young individuals [1]. Hair loss depends on the rate balance between the hair growth cycle and hair loss [3]. Hair is growing in hair follicle cells and undergoes a repetitive growth cycle following four stages: anagen, catagen, telogen, and exogen [5,6,7]. The duration of this growth cycle varies depending on the local site and density of hair follicles, and typically it lasts for 2 to 8 years [8]. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is an essential factor for maintaining the hair growth activity of HFDPCs [12]

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