Abstract
In this study, salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA), which exhibits superior flotation performance to conventional collector benzohydroxamic acid (BHA), was first introduced in ilmenite flotation. The addition of lead(II) can significantly increase the recovery of ilmenite using SHA as collector. Thus, the adsorption mechanism of SHA on lead(II)-activated ilmenite surface was systematically studied using micro-flotation tests, adsorption analysis, zeta potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Micro-flotation results revealed that SHA had stronger collecting ability than BHA, and ilmenite floatability could be activated by lead ions with either SHA or BHA as collector. Ilmenite showed good floatability at pH 6–8 (over 90% recovery) in the presence of Pb2+ and SHA. In such conditions, the main lead species of Pb(OH)+ and Pb2+ acted as active sites and caused positive surface potential shifts, thereby increasing the adsorbed amounts of negatively charged SHA on the surface of the mineral. FTIR and XPS analyses suggested that the lead species was chemically adsorbed on the surface of ilmenite to form active sites chelated by SHA. Moreover, the free lead ions in solution might form the Pb–SHA complexes to adsorb on the mineral surface, thereby increasing the floatability of ilmenite.
Highlights
Titanium, which is a rare metal, has been widely applied in the aerospace sector, in the military industry, for medical devices, and for environmental protection, due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and inertness to many corrosive conditions [1,2]
Where Γ is the amount of salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA) adsorbed on the ilmenite surface, C0 is the initial quantity of SHA in the solution, C is the residual concentration of the reagent in the supernatant, V is the volume of the solution (L), and m is the weight of the mineral (g)
The activation mechanism of lead ions in the flotation of ilmenite using SHA as collector was regarded as the key research object in the subsequent analysis, in view of the fact that the adsorption mechanism of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA)
Summary
Titanium, which is a rare metal, has been widely applied in the aerospace sector, in the military industry, for medical devices, and for environmental protection, due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and inertness to many corrosive conditions [1,2]. The potential reason may be the small active sites of ilmenite, which is similar to acetate) as collectors for the beneficiation of ilmenite ores [4,7,9,10].surface Among these the casesare of commonly wolframite,used scheelite, and cassiterite [12]. Is widely used because it can enhance oxide minerals collectors, salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA)the is afloatability promisingofchelator, due to with low cost [16,17], and BHA has been used for the flotation of ilmenite with the activation of lead its one more phenolic group than BHA and has been utilized in cassiterite, malachite, and rutile ions [18].
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