Abstract
The objective of this review paper is to survey the phase transition kinetics with a focus on the temperature dependence of the rates of crystallization and melting, as well as on the activation energies of these processes obtained via the Arrhenius kinetic treatment, including the treatment by isoconversional methods. The literature is analyzed to track the development of the basic models and their underlying concepts. The review presents both theoretical and practical considerations regarding the kinetic analysis of crystallization and melting. Both processes are demonstrated to be kinetically complex, and this is revealed in the form of nonlinear Arrhenius plots and/or the variation of the activation energy with temperature. Principles which aid one to understand and interpret such results are discussed. An emphasis is also put on identifying proper computational methods and experimental data that can lead to meaningful kinetic interpretation.
Highlights
It is a fact of nature that the rate of a broad variety of processes responds exponentially to temperature changes
The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the phase transition kinetics with a focus on the temperature dependence of the rates of crystallization and melting as well as on the activation energies of these processes obtained via the Arrhenius kinetic treatment
(10) can terms be cast in the form of the temperature dependence, as shown in can be cast in the form of the Arrhenius plot to get an idea about the behavior of the activation energy
Summary
It is a fact of nature that the rate of a broad variety of processes responds exponentially to temperature changes. The occurrence of nonlinear Arrhenius plots has direct relevance to understanding the temperature dependencies of the crystallization and melting rates, as well as to interpreting the experimentally determined activation energies of these processes. Taking the isoconversional derivative (Equation (6)) of this rate gives Eα that depends on α [10] Such dependence is the equivalent of a nonlinear Arrhenius plot and generally is a sign of a multi-step process. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the phase transition kinetics with a focus on the temperature dependence of the rates of crystallization and melting as well as on the activation energies of these processes obtained via the Arrhenius kinetic treatment. This approach should allow the reader to see the origins of the concepts used and, to get a broader view of the kinetic analyses that utilize them as well as to acquire a deeper understanding of the obtained results
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