Abstract
The efficacy of Fe2+-activated persulfate (PS) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) treatment in total organic load and selected organic pollutants removal from different highly polluted industrial effluents was evaluated and compared. The studied wastewater samples involved a paint production wastewater (S1), phenolic wastewater (S2) and mature landfill leachate (S3). The coagulation proved an effective technique to pre-treat S1, and thus to reduce substantially the amount of chemicals required in the subsequent oxidation step. The Fenton treatment (HP/Fe2+) proved more effective S1 post-treatment technology than the PS/Fe2+ process and resulted in substantial COD and DOC removal as well as in considerable the BOD7/COD ratio increase. In the case of S2 and S3, the application of Fenton process also demonstrated higher total organic load removal efficacy than the PS/Fe2+ system. Conversely, the HP/Fe2+ oxidation was characterized by a temperature increase and excessive foam formation. The findings of this study provide valuable information for further full-scale applications of Fe2+-activated HP and PS based processes for the treatment of highly contaminated wastewater with the most effective concentrations of reagents used.
Highlights
The application of hydroxyl radical-based advanced oxidation technologies (HO-AOTs) proved to be highly effective in degradation of persistent and bio-recalcitrant organic pollutants presented in various industrial effluents
More than a 10-fold increase in a BOD7/chemical oxygen demand (COD) ratio was observed in the pre-coagulated S1, indicating effective bio-recalcitrant compounds removal during the coagulation step but still inadequate to ensure no inhibitory effect on the microbial activity of biomass
The subsequent hydrogen peroxide (HP)/Fe2+ and PS/Fe2+ experiments were conducted only with coagulated S1 (cS1) (COD = 1.17 g/L, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) = 0.300 g/L) and the data presented in Figs. 1 and 2 indicates a purification efficacy of the oxidation process only
Summary
The application of hydroxyl radical-based advanced oxidation technologies (HO-AOTs) proved to be highly effective in degradation of persistent and bio-recalcitrant organic pollutants presented in various industrial effluents. Practical application of these AOTs could be limited because of the large amount of ferric sludge generated during coagulation step unless the complete reuse of ferric oxyhydroxide sludge as an iron source in the following Fenton-based treatment is undertaken [19]
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