Activated carbon derived from Satureja seed biomass for improving the capacitive performance of composite based on Aprepitant functionalized graphene oxide and ionic liquid

Abstract

In this work, three chemicals, including Aprepitant functionalized graphene oxide (APR-FGO), PhenmimCl ionic liquid (IL), and activated carbon derived from Satureja seed (AC-SS), were synthesized and used in a supercapacitor system as electrode materials. After the structural description of the synthesized materials, the electrochemical performance of APR-FGO, APR-FGO/AC-SS, and APR-FGO/AC-SS/IL electrodes was investigated in a three-electrode system. Based on the comparison of electrochemical results, the APR-FGO/AC-SS/IL electrode was able to provide the best performance compared to the other two electrodes. It was observed that the APR-FGO/AC-SS/IL electrode presented the specific capacitance (Cs) of 493.24 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. Also, the Cs retention value of the APR-FGO/AC-SS/IL electrode was 95.2 % at 8 A g−1 over 10,000 charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, in a two-electrode system, the APR-FGO/AC-SS/IL electrode obtained a Cs of 214 F g−1, an energy density of 32.22 Wh kg−1, and a power density of 850 W kg−1 at 1 A g−1. These findings prove the ideal electrochemical performance of this composite as a supercapacitor electrode. The superior performance of the APR-FGO/AC-SS/IL electrode can be attributed to the presence of groups containing nitrogen and fluorine in the Aprepitant functionalized graphene oxide structure, the essential role of AC-SS as a substrate for performing electrochemical reactions, and the high conductivity of the PhenmimCl ionic liquid. Therefore, the proper synergy of these three materials shows that the APR-FGO/AC-SS/IL electrode has a high potential for energy storage systems.