Abstract
Changes of a climate have generated in territory of Ukraine and other countries of the world many various problems, among them reduction humidifying reservoirs of many rivers is marked also. Existing measures on management of a water management in connection with influence of change of a climate are obviously insufficient, about what is spoken and in some documents WMO. In given work on the basis of the analysis of components of water balance of territory the list of actions on regulation dry up reservoirs of the rivers which has arisen in connection with changes of a climate is spent. For the analysis the atmospheric precipitation measured for the long-term period, evaporation from a surface of ground and water, stocks of productive moisture in ground, a layer of a runoff of water are used. Reduction of a river drain on hydrological to a post Sluch – Sarny occurs due to reduction of soil inflow, and, decreases not only a component of a soil feed of the river, but also stocks of water in a soil layer 0-100 see. As the actions adjusting humidifying of territory, are recommended: restoration of marsh files, construction of small dams in the top parts of a hydrographic network beams and hollows, agrarian and wood land improvement. For maintenance of an ecological runoff in the river Dnepr regulation of outflow of water to Black sea system of sluices of available water basins is recommended.
Highlights
Changes of a climate have generated in territory of Ukraine and the world many various problems, among them reduction of humidifying of catchments of many rivers is marked
Among the existent methods of research of moistening of catchments of the rivers most reasonable and provided with materials of supervisions there is a method of water balance
The amount of precipitation for the year at the Sarny weather station, despite the general upward trend, has a sinusoidal component, which is consistent with the variability of water flow and moisture reserves in the soil layer 0-100 cm (Figures 3, 4)
Summary
Changes of a climate have generated in territory of Ukraine and the world many various problems, among them reduction of humidifying of catchments of many rivers is marked It is expressed in reduction of water in channels of the rivers, as small (Ikva, etc.), and greater (Dnepr), reduction of levels aquifer horizons of subsoil waters, reduction of stocks of a moisture in ground and soil thickness. Alongside with it increase of droughts and floodings of significant territories is observed. For example, on a catchments of the river Pripyat there are sites as with increase of an annual layer of a runoff of water in a long-term cut, and with downturn while the soil runoff on sites with increase of a runoff of water - decreases, and there where reduction of an annual layer of a runoff of water is observed - increases.
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