Abstract
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rain on the efficiency of different formulations of glyphosate applied in isolation and in combination with saflufenacil on the control of Brachiaria decumbens. This study was conducted during the first half of 2013. The treatments consisted of an isolated application of three formulations of glyphosate (Roundup Original, Roundup Transorb R, and Roundup WG) at 1,080 g a.e. ha-1 and mixed with saflufenacil at 24.5 g a.e. ha-1 + Dash at 0.5% v/v at six time intervals of simulated rain: 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 360 minutes after application of herbicides and a control treatment without rain. We performed visual evaluations of plant control at 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application of herbicides. The mixture of saflufenacil + Dash with the original Roundup formulations, Roundup Transorb R and Roundup WG increased the control speed of B. decumbens plants regardless of the rain interval studied. The formulations of glyphosate (Roundup Transorb R and Roundup WG) applied in isolation were affected by rains that occurred shortly after spraying. In combination with saflufenacil + Dash, there was a synergistic effect on weed control.
Highlights
The presence of weeds is one of the most important factors affecting an agricultural economy on a permanent basis, as crops are subject to a series of environmental actions that directly or indirectly influence their growth, development and productivity.Species such as Brachiaria decumbens compete with crops for physical space, promote competition for environment resources such as water, light and nutrients, may be hosts for pests and diseases, and interfere with the harvesting process by reducing the speed of movement of harvesters or even by clogging them (SILVA et al, 2008; 2009).For an efficient control of species such as Brachiaria and a reduction in production costs, the use of herbicides such as glyphosate has been a management alternative, especially when using direct sowing in straws
In the first evaluation at 4 DAA, that the isolated application of different formulations of glyphosate caused symptoms of phytotoxicity to Brachiaria decumbens plants only when there was no rain, which evidenced a negative effect of rainfall on the control of this weed (Table 1)
When saflufenacil + Dash was applied in isolation and the formulations of glyphosate were sprayed in tank mix with saflufenacil + Dash, phytotoxicity symptoms were observed in B. decumbens plants in all periods studied (Table 1)
Summary
The presence of weeds is one of the most important factors affecting an agricultural economy on a permanent basis, as crops are subject to a series of environmental actions that directly or indirectly influence their growth, development and productivity.Species such as Brachiaria decumbens compete with crops for physical space, promote competition for environment resources such as water, light and nutrients, may be hosts for pests and diseases, and interfere with the harvesting process by reducing the speed of movement of harvesters or even by clogging them (SILVA et al, 2008; 2009).For an efficient control of species such as Brachiaria and a reduction in production costs, the use of herbicides such as glyphosate has been a management alternative, especially when using direct sowing in straws. The presence of weeds is one of the most important factors affecting an agricultural economy on a permanent basis, as crops are subject to a series of environmental actions that directly or indirectly influence their growth, development and productivity. Species such as Brachiaria decumbens compete with crops for physical space, promote competition for environment resources such as water, light and nutrients, may be hosts for pests and diseases, and interfere with the harvesting process by reducing the speed of movement of harvesters or even by clogging them (SILVA et al, 2008; 2009). The use of glyphosate mixed with other herbicides has been shown to be a control strategy with a high use potential (YAMAUTI et al, 2010; MACIEL et al, 2011; STEWART et al, 2011; ALONSO et al, 2013; GONÇALVES et al, 2016)
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