Abstract
The case presented here illustrates a sometimes complex disease presentation where interdisciplinary teamwork is essential. A 74-years-old woman with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary lung disease and a composite graft aortic valve implant was admitted to hospital with an episode of acute lower back pain combined with long-term fever. The final diagnoses of a left-sided, infected and radiologically evident kidney cyst caused by the urinary tract pathogens Actinotignum schaalii and Aerococcus urinae was established by the use of partial 16S/18S rRNA gene sequence analysis on kidney cyst drainage material taken after four weeks of relevant antibiotic therapy.
Highlights
Recognition and identification of the causative agents have long been a cornerstone in the management of serious infections
Within the last two decades, the microbiological diagnostic repertoire has expanded dramatically especially due to the rapid development of molecular tests based on genomics and proteomics
Detection of DNA directly from different types of human specimens based on the use of partial 16S/18S rRNA gene sequence analysis has made it possible to detect an infectious etiology even when antibiotic treatment has been instituted [1]
Summary
Recognition and identification of the causative agents have long been a cornerstone in the management of serious infections. For many years this has primarily relied on traditional culturing methods. Within the last two decades, the microbiological diagnostic repertoire has expanded dramatically especially due to the rapid development of molecular tests based on genomics and proteomics. We report a challenging case of a kidney cyst infected by both bacteria and discuss it in a multidisciplinary perspective. Both molecular methods mentioned above were used to establish the diagnosis
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